Gambaran Klinis dan Terapi Pasien Karsinoma Laring di Departemen THT-KL RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang Periode 2017-2021
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25077/jokli.v2i1.39Keywords:
suara serak, karsinoma laring, merokok, karsinoma sel skuamosa, glotisAbstract
Pendahuluan: Karsinoma laring adalah suatu tumor ganas yang berasal dari sel epitel laring. Faktor risiko utama yang berperan dalam perkembangan penyakit karsinoma laring adalah merokok dan alkohol. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran klinis dan terapi pasien karsinoma laring di departemen THT-KL RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang periode 2017-2021. Desain penelitian ini adalah deskriptif retrospektif yang menggunakan data rekam medis pasien karsinoma laring dengan teknik pengambilan sampel yaitu total sampling yang berjumlah 41 orang. Data pasien kemudian diolah dan ditampilkan dalam bentuk tabel distribusi frekuensi. Penelitian ini mendapatkan hasil bahwa kasus pasien karsinoma laring terbanyak terjadi pada tahun 2017 dan 2018 (31,7%), rerata usia 64 tahun dengan kelompok usia terbanyak 51-60 tahun dan 61-70 tahun (31,7%), lebih banyak pada laki-laki (97,6%), dan mayoritas faktor risiko merokok (95,1%) namun tidak memiliki tiwayat alkohol (92,7%). Keluhan utama tersering suara serak (51,2%). Gejala klinis yang muncul terdiri dari suara serak (73,2%), sesak nafas (65,9%), batuk (56,1%), dan sulit menelan (43,9%). Lokasi paling banyak ditemukan glotis (73,2%), stadium yang sering ditemukan stadium IVA (57,9%), dan tipe histopatologi terbanyak karsinoma sel skuamosa (100%). Jenis terapi yang paling sering diberikan kemoterapi (46,3%). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa pasien karsinoma laring memiliki faktor risiko yang umum dan karakteristik klinik yang tipikal serta sebagian besar datang dalam stadium lanjut. Oleh karena itu diperlukan upaya promotif dan preventif yang lebih agresif terhadap penyakit ini
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